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In questo articolo della serie “Automobili leggendarie” racconteremo alcuni particolari di un brand automobilistico fra i più desiderati: la mitica Ferrari. In questo caso non ci soffermeremo sui dati tecnici delle leggendarie automobili rosse, poiché credo che queste vetture siano ormai più che conosciute e parlino da sole. In questo caso si tratta di un brand tipicamente italiano arrivato al punto di divenire punto di riferimento della velocità, un vero e proprio status symbol in campo automobilistico. Credo che ormai la storia di questa leggendaria autovettura sportiva la conosciamo, tuttavia ritengo utile rispolverarla in onore al brand dal “cavallino rampante” nei dettagli più importanti. Ferrari  fu un marchio che nel tempo sarebbe stato in grado di dare “filo da torcere” a tantissimi marchi automobilistici da corsa, riuscendo a vincere le più prestigiose competizioni anche se credo che Ferrari vinse la sfida più impegnativa (a mia opinione la competizione di vivere il futuro)  una gara che Ferrari riuscì a vincere.

L’ avventura della celebre supercar italiana dal cavallino rampante ebbe inizio nel lontano 1912, in una regione in cui nacquero alcuni dei più prestigiosi marchi automobilistici italiani: L’Emilia Romagna, una regione che nutre da sempre una grande passione per la velocità. A Modena nacque la Scuderia Ferrari come filiale tecnico agonistica di una seconda vettura che all’epoca riscuoteva notevoli successi in pista: l’Alfa Romeo. Pochi anni dopo nel 1933 la Scuderia Ferrari divenne il reparto corse della stessa Alfa Romeo. In questo caso si trattò di una collaborazione che durò fino al 1937 e che in quegli anni si occupò di progettazione e della gestione delle automobili da corsa dell’ Alfa Romeo, un marchio glorioso in grado di fronteggiare le autovetture di marchi concorrenti come l’ Auto Union (che in futuro diventerà AUDI), la Bugatti e la Mercedes Benz. L’alfa Romeo in quegli anni era in grado di ottenere numerose vittorie sia nei GP che nelle gare Sport Prototipo. Il 1937 fu l’anno che vide la fine della Scuderia Ferrari dato che l’Alfa Romeo pensò di creare un nuovo reparto corse chiamato appunto Alfa Corse ma con a capo il grande  “Drake”: Enzo Ferrari. Ferrari seguì il neonato comparto  fino al 1939 anno cruciale per l’ Alfa Romeo, dato che il Drake si dimise dall’incarico separandosi definitivamente dall’ Alfa.  Il 1947 fu un anno molto importante per il mondo dell’automobilismo. In quell’ anno nacque la fabbrica di autovetture sportive più prestigiose al mondo: la Ferrari, quella vettura in color “ rosso Ferrari” conosciuta anche per lo scudo giallo con un cavallino rampante nero nel centro, un marchio che dice tutto, un marchio che si presta per un’automobile davvero indomabile e veloce capace di sbalordire. La Ferrari fu fondata da Enzo Ferrari, un uomo dalla grande passione per la velocità, per il mondo dei motori e soprattutto per la Formula 1. Possiamo dire che la Ferrari nasca per la pura passione del proprio fondatore. Il “Drake” fu anche pilota automobilistico e lo divenne dopo aver assistito ad alcune gare che si tennero agli inizi del 900 pertanto di automobili e di velocità se ne intendeva sicuramente. Ferrari dopo il primo conflitto mondiale venne assunto in una fabbrica di autoveicoli per la quale uno dei propri compiti fu fare i test di guida. In seguito Enzo Ferrari lavorerà (come precedentemente accennato) per Alfa Romeo dove si occuperà appieno di corse. L’ormai esperto Drake  forte dell’esperienza aprì una concessionaria di autoveicoli Alfa a Modena offrendo assistenza tecnica e meccanica alla stessa Alfa nell’utilizzo delle vetture da corsa. In questo periodo Ferrari stipulò accordi con Pirelli, Bosh e Shell ma nel frattempo fondò una scuderia per piloti di auto amatoriali. Il Drake ebbe successo quindi passò alla creazione di un team molto competitivo. Nel ‘35 l’Alfa Romeo si ritira dalle corse e Ferrari entra invece in questo ambiente. Nel periodo della seconda guerra mondiale Ferrari partecipa il GP di Monaco con una propria vettura e sceglie il famoso cavallino rampante come proprio marchio. Questa scelta lascerebbe intendere che il cavallino rampante simboleggi i cavalli motore che indicano la potenza della vettura, ma in modo particolare per il Drake il cavallo rampante fu sinonimo di ardimento e velocità. In questo caso il marchio della Farrari fu una sorta di eredità. Chi conosce la storia ricorderà certamente il cavallino rampante sfoggiato dall’ aereo di Francesco Baracca. Il Reggimento Piemonte Reale usava proprio lo stesso cavallino rampante della mitica Ferrari. Nel 1923 in celebre stemma in occasione del Circuito automobilistico di Ravenna venne affidato al vincitore che in questo caso fu Ferrari.  Un’ edizione particolare della 1000Miglia fu quella del 1951 che si tenne fra il 27 ed il 28 aprile. In quell’ anno le Ferrari dominavano la scena tuttavia il dominio rosso venne contrastato dalla Lancia che vinse nonostante un incidente. La Ferrari anno dopo anno riuscì ad entrare nel mito dell’automobilismo  ma nonostante l’entrata nel mito da parte del marchio Ferrari,  la casa di Maranello, come accadde per altre case automobilistiche prima di lei, non riuscì a reggere la sfida con il futuro, non per quanto riguarda la progettazione delle auto (che comunque sia furono sempre al top) ma il futuro a mia opinione portò ad una via obbligata che impose la modernizzazione quindi l’ampliamento delle aziende del segmento  automobilistico  fino allora piuttosto di tipo artigianale. Ferrari fu una realtà piuttosto piccola ed elitaria quindi nel 1969 il parton Enzo Ferrari pur mantenendo il settore corse, concluse un accordo con Fiat vendendo alla casa torinese buona parte del pacchetto azionario della Casa del Cavallino  rampante dopo un mancato accordo con i vertici di Ford.

Una 1000Miglia da ricordare fu la sfida del 1951 svoltasi tra il 27 e il 28 aprile fra il mitico pilota Ferrari, Villoresi e Pasquale Cassani su Ferrari 340 America Coupè carrozzata Vignale con davanti Giovanni Baracco e Umberto Miglioli su Lancia B20 2000 Coupè carrozzata Pininfarina. In scena anche la Ferrari 212 Export Spyder Motto di Piero Scotti ed Amos Ruspaggiari. Fu uno stupore per tutti vedere delle Lancia così performanti in una autentica sfida fra due meravigliose autovetture tutte italiane. Le lancia erano modelli certamente meno adatte alle competizione confronto alle Ferrari. La Lancia seconda classificata montava motore 2 litri contro il motore Ferrari 4 litri che naturalmente poteva sviluppare una potenza maggiore. Le  quattro Lancia in questo caso erano ufficiali tuttavia Gianni Lancia volle fossero intestate ai piloti per negare l’interesse della Lancia per le corse automobilistiche, Jano in seguito svelò l’inghippo.

Arrivati a questo punto riporteremo alcuni dei piloti più significativi della 1000Miglia che corsero su Alfa e Ferrari.

Biondetti:  fu un grande pilota Ferrari in occasione della 1000Miglia. Biondetti: conquistò  quattro vittorie nel 1938 e 1947 con Alfa Romeo, 1948 e 1949 con Ferrari, Palmares in F1: una stagione (1950), 1 GP disputato ed uno scuderia Ferrari, Palmarès extra : due Targa Florio (1948, 1949)

Tazio Nuvolari detto “Il mantovano volante” , nato il 16 novembre 1892 a Castel d’Ario (Italia) e morto l’11 agosto 1953 a Mantova . Nuvolari fu un o dei grandi ed intrepidi piloti Ferrari che parteciparono a diverse edizioni della 1000Miglia. Le sue avventure sui circuiti sono epiche. “Nivola” divenne un’icona nell’ambito delle gare automobilistiche. Vinse due 1000Miglia su Alfa Romeo nel 1930 e 1933, tuttavia le gare vinte da Nivola non furono poche. Riporteremo alcuni Palmarès: campione europeo moto 350 (1925), tre GP Italia (1931, 1932, 1938), due Targa Florio (1931, 1932), campionato europeo (1932), GP Francia (1932), GP Monte Carlo (1932), 24 Ore di Le Mans (1933), GP Belgio (1933), GP Germania (1935), Coppa Vanderbilt (1936).

Giannino Marzotto: nato il 13 aprile 1928 a Valdagno e morto il 14 luglio 2012 il celebre pilota vinse due edizioni 1000Miglia nel  1950 e 1953 su  Ferrari.

Maira Alcantara
Author: Maira Alcantara

free lance generalista, incaricata anche per articoli speciali relativi a settore sport ed automobilismo storico e moderno

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